The United States is in a familiar terrain in the Indo-Pacific, having fought during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The US Navy (USN) has established maritime supremacy. Now the United States is shifting its military assets to the Indo-Pacific as it prepares for a SeaAir Battle. 6 In the post–Cold War world, the United States achieved dominance thorough AirLand Battle. The United States maintains strategic peace through military bases and defense alliances in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The US military can be deployed at short notice anywhere on Earth. The United States has war-fighting experience in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, Panama, Grenada, the First Gulf War, Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. The United States has been fighting conventional and unconventional wars on every continent. This spending is $16 trillion more than China spent and nearly as much as the rest of the world’s combined expenditure during the same period. The United States has spent $19 trillion on its military since the end of the Cold War. 4 The United States retains a technological edge in key areas like command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) and air, surface, and undersea weapon systems. China’s GDP is 15 percent of global GDP, compared to 24 percent of the United States. The United States outweighs China in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), technology, and military spending. The United States enjoys overwhelming advantages over China. According to Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth, the US engagement has brought stability in strategic theaters. 2 Deterrence by punishment, thus works with an adversary’s fear of massive retaliation, whereas, deterrence by denial focuses on showing how an adversary’s endgame will not be achieved through strengthened integrated weapon systems, joint warfare, and precision offensive firepower. Deterrence transfers higher risk and imposes costs on China, while lowering risks to the United States.

Punishment, according to John Mearsheimer, involves threatening to destroy an adversary’s infrastructure, while denial convinces an opponent that military objectives will not be achieved. US military power is based on the deterrence policy of punishment and denial. The Indo-Pacific Command’s (INDOPACOM) area of responsibility is the focus of the US military in the twenty-first century. The Biden administration, in consonance with the 2017 National Security Strategy, is prioritizing its military strategy, weapons systems, and defense acquisition planning toward the Indo-Pacific region. The 1992 Defense Planning Guidance, which stated that Washington would prevent emerging threats and protect the global order, remains valid 30 years later. 1US primacy prevented the emergence of global and regional hegemons. Since 1945, US global leadership has defended international law and protected the democratic order.

Cant equip space warfare specialist